Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2009
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act
2009
QueenslandQueenslandCivilandAdministrativeTribunalAct2009Current as at [Not
applicable]Indicative reprint noteThis is anunofficialversion of a
reprint of this Act that incorporates allproposed
amendments to the Act included in the Queensland Civil andAdministrative Tribunal and Other Legislation
Amendment Bill 2018. Thisindicativereprinthasbeenpreparedforinformationonly—it is
not anauthorised reprint of the Act.The point-in-time date for this
indicative reprint is the introduction date forthe Queensland
Civil and Administrative Tribunal and Other LegislationAmendment Bill 2018—15 November 2018.DetailedinformationaboutindicativereprintsisavailableontheInformationpage of the
Queensland legislation website.
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 1 Preliminary[s 1]Queensland Civil and Administrative
TribunalAct 2009AnActtoestablishtheQueenslandCivilandAdministrativeTribunal, to
provide for the making and reviewing of particulardecisions by the tribunal, and for other
matters relating to thetribunalChapter 1Preliminary1Short
titleThisActmaybecitedastheQueenslandCivilandAdministrative Tribunal Act
2009.2Commencement(1)This
Act, other than section 277A, commences on a day to befixed by proclamation.(2)Section 277AcommencesonthedayofassentoftheStatePenalties
Enforcement and Other Legislation Amendment Act2009.3ObjectsThe
objects of this Act are—(a)toestablishanindependenttribunaltodealwiththematters it is empowered to deal with
under this Act or anenabling Act; andCurrent as at
[Not applicable]Page 15
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 1 Preliminary[s 4](b)to have the tribunal deal with matters
in a way that isaccessible,fair,just,economical,informalandquick;and(c)topromotethequalityandconsistencyoftribunaldecisions;
and(d)toenhancethequalityandconsistencyofdecisionsmade by
decision-makers; and(e)toenhancetheopennessandaccountabilityofpublicadministration.4Tribunal’s functions relating to the
objectsTo achieve the objects of this Act, the
tribunal must—(a)facilitate access to its services
throughout Queensland;and(b)encouragetheearlyandeconomicalresolutionofdisputesbeforethetribunal,including,ifappropriate,through
alternative dispute resolution processes; and(c)ensureproceedingsareconductedinaninformalwaythatminimisescoststoparties,andisasquickasisconsistent with
achieving justice; and(d)ensure like
cases are treated alike; and(e)ensurethetribunalisaccessibleandresponsivetothediverse needs of persons who use the
tribunal; and(f)maintain specialist knowledge,
expertise and experienceof members and adjudicators;
and(g)ensure the appropriate use of the
knowledge, expertiseand experience of members and
adjudicators; and(h)encourage members and adjudicators to
act in a way thatpromotes the collegiate nature of the
tribunal; and(i)maintain a cohesive organisational
structure.Page 16Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 1 Preliminary[s 5]5Act binds all personsThis
Act binds all persons, including the State and, as far asthelegislativepoweroftheParliamentpermits,theCommonwealth and the other
States.6Relationship between this Act and
enabling Actsgenerally(1)ThisActprovidesforthetribunal’sjurisdictionandrelatedfunctions,andthepracticesandproceduresforproceedingsbefore the
tribunal.(2)Anenabling
Actis—(a)an Act, other
than this Act, that confers original, reviewor appeal
jurisdiction on the tribunal; or(b)subordinatelegislation,otherthansubordinatelegislationunderthisAct,thatconfersreviewjurisdiction on
the tribunal.(3)AnenablingActconferringoriginaljurisdictiononthetribunalwillgenerallystatethetribunal’sfunctionsinthejurisdiction,whichmayaddto,otherwisevary,orexcludefunctions stated
in this Act.(4)An enabling Act that is an Act
conferring review jurisdictiononthetribunalmaystatethetribunal’sfunctionsinthejurisdiction,whichmayaddto,otherwisevary,orexcludefunctions stated
in this Act.(5)An enabling Act conferring review
jurisdiction on the tribunalmay also confer
jurisdiction on the tribunal to stay a decisionmadeundertheenablingActwhilethedecisionisbeingreviewed under
the enabling Act by an entity other than thetribunal.(6)An enabling Act conferring appeal
jurisdiction on the tribunalmaystatethetribunal’sfunctionsinthejurisdiction,whichmay
add to, otherwise vary, or exclude functions stated in thisAct.Current as at
[Not applicable]Page 17
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 1 Preliminary[s 6](7)An enabling Act that is an Act may
also include provisionsaboutthefollowingmatters,whichmayaddto,otherwisevary, or exclude provisions of this Act
about the matters—(a)requirements about applications,
referrals or appeals forjurisdiction conferred by the enabling
Act;Examples—•the
period within which an application, referral or appealmust
be made•documents required to accompany an
application, referral orappeal(b)the
conduct of proceedings for jurisdiction conferred bytheenablingAct,includingpracticesandprocedures,and the
tribunal’s powers, for the proceedings;Examples—•the availability or non-availability
of stays of the operationof a decision the subject of a
proceeding•persons who must be notified of a
proceeding, a hearing of aproceeding or the tribunal’s decision
in a proceeding•additional persons who are a party to
a proceeding•persons who may be represented in a
proceeding withoutthe tribunal’s leave•hearings that must be held in private(c)theenforcementofthetribunal’sdecisionsinaproceedingforjurisdictionconferredbytheenablingAct.(8)ThissectiondoesnotlimitanotherprovisionofthisActauthorising an enabling Act to provide for a
particular matter.(9)To remove any doubt, it is declared
that an enabling Act that issubordinate
legislation—(a)mayonlyconferjurisdiction,includingjurisdictiontostay
a decision, on the tribunal; and(b)cannotaddto,otherwisevary,orexcludeanythingprovided in this Act or an enabling Act that
is an Act.Page 18Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 1 Preliminary[s 7]7Application of Act if modifying
provision in enabling Act(1)ThissectionappliesifaprovisionofanenablingAct(themodifying
provision) provides for—(a)the
tribunal’s functions in jurisdiction conferred by theenabling Act; or(b)a
matter mentioned in section 6(7).(2)The
modifying provision prevails over the provisions of thisAct,
to the extent of any inconsistency between them.(3)This Act must be read, with any
necessary changes, as if themodifying
provision were a part of this Act.(4)Without limiting subsection (3)—(a)in a provision of this Act relating to
a person starting aproceeding, a reference to the person doing
somethingunder this Act is taken to be a reference to
the persondoing the thing under this Act or a
modifying provision;and(b)inaprovisionofthisActrelatingtothetribunalconductingaproceeding,areferencetothetribunaldoingsomethingunderthisActistakentobeareference to the
tribunal doing the thing under this Actor a modifying
provision.(5)This section does not prevent an
enabling Act from expresslystatinghowthisActappliesinrelationtothemodifyingprovision,including,forexample,bystatingthatstatedprovisions of
this Act do not apply, or apply subject to statedvariations.(6)In
this section—enabling Actmeans an
enabling Act that is an Act.8DefinitionsThe dictionary
in schedule 3 defines particular words used inthis Act.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
19
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
9]Chapter 2Jurisdiction and
procedureNotauthorised—indicativeonlyPart 1Jurisdiction of
tribunalDivision 1Preliminary9Jurisdiction generally(1)Thetribunalhasjurisdictiontodealwithmattersitisempowered to deal with under this Act
or an enabling Act.(2)Jurisdiction conferred on the tribunal
is—(a)original jurisdiction; or(b)review jurisdiction; or(c)appeal jurisdiction.(3)WithoutlimitingtheActsInterpretationAct1954,section 49A,anenablingActconfersjurisdictiononthetribunal to deal with a matter if the
enabling Act provides foran application, referral or appeal to
be made to the tribunal inrelation to the matter.(4)Thetribunalmaydoallthingsnecessaryorconvenientforexercising its jurisdiction.Division 2Original
jurisdiction10Generally(1)The
tribunal’s original jurisdiction is—(a)the
jurisdiction conferred on the tribunal by section 11;and(b)thejurisdictionconferredonthetribunalunderanenabling Act to decide a matter in the first
instance.Page 20Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
11](2)Thetribunal’soriginaljurisdictionundersubsection (1)(b)includesjurisdictionconferredonthetribunalunderanenabling Act to review a decision of the
tribunal made underthe enabling Act.Note—See,forexample,theGuardianshipandAdministrationAct2000,chapter 3, part 3, division 2.11Jurisdiction for minor civil
disputesThe tribunal has jurisdiction to hear and
decide a minor civildispute.12When
jurisdiction for minor civil dispute exercised(1)Thetribunalmayexerciseitsjurisdictionforaminorcivildispute if a relevant person has, under this
Act, applied to thetribunal to deal with the dispute.(2)Arelevantpersonmay,asprovidedforinsubsection (3),agree to limit
the person’s claim to the prescribed amount inorder to bring
the claim within the tribunal’s jurisdiction for aminor civil dispute.(3)A
relevant person limits the person’s claim to the prescribedamount by applying to the tribunal to deal
with the claim as aminor civil dispute.(4)In
this section—relevant personmeans—(a)foraclaimtorecoveradebtorliquidateddemandofmoney—a person to whom the debt is
owed or money ispayable; or(b)subject to paragraphs (c) to (f), for a
claim arising outofacontractbetweenaconsumerandatrader—theconsumer;
or(c)for a claim arising out of a contract
between 2 or moretraders—any of the traders; orCurrent as at [Not applicable]Page
21
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
13](d)foraclaimforpaymentofanamountfordamagetopropertycausedby,orarisingoutoftheuseof,avehicle—a person incurring loss because of
the damage;or(e)foratenancymatter—apersonwho,undertheResidentialTenanciesandRoomingAccommodationAct2008,mayapplytothetribunalforadecisioninrelation to the matter; or(f)foraclaimthatisthesubjectofadisputeundertheNeighbourhoodDisputes(DividingFencesandTrees)Act 2011—a
party to the dispute; or(g)for a matter
under theBuilding Act 1975, chapter 8,
part2A—apersonwho,undertheBuildingAct1975,chapter8,part2Amayapplytothetribunalforadecision in relation to the
matter.13Deciding minor civil dispute
generally(1)Inaproceedingforaminorcivildispute,thetribunalmustmake
orders that it considers fair and equitable to the partiesto
the proceeding in order to resolve the dispute but may, if
thetribunal considers it appropriate, make an
order dismissing theapplication.(2)For
subsection (1), the tribunal may make only the followingfinal decisions to resolve the
dispute—(a)foraclaimmentionedinschedule 3,definitionminorcivil dispute, paragraph 1(a), (b) or
(c)—(i)an order requiring a party to the
proceeding to paya stated amount to a stated person;
or(ii)an order that a
stated amount is not due or owingby the applicant
to a stated person, or by any partyto the
proceeding to the applicant; or(iii)an
order requiring a party to the proceeding, otherthantheapplicant,toperformworktorectifyadefectingoodsorservicestowhichtheclaimrelates;
orPage 22Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
13](iv)anorderrequiringapartytotheproceedingtoreturn goods that relate to the claim and
are in theparty’s possession or control to a stated
person; or(v)an order combining 2 or more orders
mentioned insubparagraphs (i) to (iv);(b)for a tenancy matter—a decision the
tribunal may makein relation to the matter under theResidential Tenanciesand Rooming
Accommodation Act 2008;(c)foraclaimthatisthesubjectofadisputeundertheNeighbourhoodDisputes(DividingFencesandTrees)Act 2011—a
decision or order the tribunal may make inrelation to the
matter under theNeighbourhood Disputes(Dividing Fences
and Trees) Act 2011;(d)foraclaimthatisthesubjectofadisputeundertheBuildingAct1975,chapter8,part2A—adecisionororderthetribunalmaymakeinrelationtothematterunder theBuilding Act 1975, chapter 8,
part 2A.(3)However, the tribunal can not make an
order or decision undersubsection (2) that—(a)purports to require payment of an
amount, performanceof work or return of goods of a value of
more than theprescribed amount; or(b)purportstograntreliefofavalueofmorethantheprescribed amount from the payment of
an amount; or(c)combines2ormoreordersmentionedinsubsection (2)(a)(i)to(iv)andpurportstoawardordeclare entitlements or benefits (or both)
of a total valueof more than the prescribed amount.(4)Subsection (3) does not apply to a
claim that is the subject of adispute under
the Building Act 1975, chapter 8, part 2A.Current as at
[Not applicable]Page 23
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
14]14Awarding interest for minor civil
dispute(1)Thissectionappliesinrelationtoaminorcivildisputeinvolving a
claim to recover a debt or liquidated demand ofmoney.(2)However, this section does not apply
in relation to a minorcivil dispute involving a claim to
recover a debt or liquidateddemandofmoneyonwhichinterestispayableasofrightwhether because
of an agreement or otherwise.(3)The
tribunal may order that there be included in the amountpayableunderthetribunal’sorderundersection
13forthedispute interest
at the rate the tribunal considers appropriate—(a)for
all or part of the amount; and(b)for
all or part of the period between the date when thedisputearoseandthedatethetribunalmadeitsorderunder section
13.(4)Thissectiondoesnotauthorisethegivingofinterestoninterest.15When
jurisdiction conferred by enabling Act exercisedThe
tribunal may exercise its original jurisdiction conferredby
an enabling Act if—(a)a person has, under this Act, applied
to the tribunal toexercise its original jurisdiction;
or(b)apersonhas,underthisAct,referredamattertothetribunal to exercise its original
jurisdiction.16Functions for jurisdiction conferred
by enabling ActIn exercising its original jurisdiction
conferred by an enablingAct, the tribunal may perform the
functions conferred on thetribunal by this Act or the enabling
Act.Page 24Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyDivision 3Queensland Civil
and Administrative Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2
Jurisdiction and procedure[s 17]Review
jurisdiction17Generally(1)The
tribunal’s review jurisdiction is the jurisdiction conferredon
the tribunal by an enabling Act to review a decision madeor
taken to have been made by another entity under that Act.(2)ForthisAct,adecisionmentionedinsubsection (1)isareviewabledecisionandtheentitythatmadeoristakentohavemadethedecisionisthedecision-makerforthereviewable decision.18When review jurisdiction
exercised(1)The tribunal may exercise its review
jurisdiction if a personhas,underthisAct,appliedtothetribunaltoexerciseitsreview jurisdiction for a reviewable
decision.(2)Apersonmayapplytothetribunaltoexerciseitsreviewjurisdictionforareviewabledecision,andthetribunalmaydealwiththeapplication,evenifthedecisionisalsothesubjectofacomplaint,preliminaryinquiryorinvestigationunder theOmbudsman Act 2001.19Exercising review jurisdiction
generallyIn exercising its review jurisdiction, the
tribunal—(a)must decide the review in accordance
with this Act andtheenablingActunderwhich thereviewabledecisionbeing reviewed was made; and(b)may perform the functions conferred on
the tribunal bythis Act or the enabling Act under which the
reviewabledecision being reviewed was made; and(c)hasallthefunctionsofthedecision-makerforthereviewable decision being
reviewed.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
25
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
20]20Review involves fresh hearing(1)Thepurposeofthereviewofareviewabledecisionistoproduce the
correct and preferable decision.(2)The
tribunal must hear and decide a review of a reviewabledecision by way of a fresh hearing on the
merits.Notauthorised—indicativeonly21Decision-maker
must help tribunal(1)In a proceeding for the review of a
reviewable decision, thedecision-maker for the reviewable
decision must use his or herbestendeavourstohelpthetribunalsothatitcanmakeitsdecision on the review.(2)Withoutlimitingsubsection (1),thedecision-makermustprovidethefollowingtothetribunalwithinareasonableperiod of not
more than 28 days after the decision-maker isgivenacopyoftheapplicationforthereviewundersection 37—(a)a
written statement of the reasons for the decision;(b)anydocumentorthinginthedecision-maker’spossessionorcontrolthatmayberelevanttothetribunal’s
review of the decision.(3)Ifthetribunalconsidersthereareadditionaldocumentsorthings in the decision-maker’s
possession or control that maybe relevant to
the tribunal’s review of the reviewable decision,the
tribunal may, by written notice, require the decision-makerto
provide the documents or things.(4)If
the tribunal considers the statement of reasons given undersubsection (2)(a) is not adequate, the
tribunal may, by writtennotice,requirethedecision-makertogivethetribunalanadditional statement containing stated
further particulars.(5)The
decision-maker must comply with a notice given undersubsection (3) or (4) within the period
stated in the notice.(6)A requirement
under this section that the decision-maker givethe tribunal
information or a document or other thing appliesdespite any provision in an Act prohibiting
or restricting thePage 26Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
22]disclosure of the information or the
information contained inthe document or thing.Notes—1Under section 66, the tribunal may make an
order prohibiting thepublication of the information, or the
information contained in thedocument or
thing, other than in the way and to the persons statedin
the order.2Under section 90(2), the tribunal may
direct a hearing, or a part ofa hearing, in
which the information, or information contained inthe
document or thing, is disclosed to be held in private.22Effect of review on reviewable
decision(1)Thestartofaproceedingforthereviewofareviewabledecision under
this Act does not affect the operationofthedecision or prevent the implementation
of the decision.(2)However, subsection (1) does not
apply—(a)if an enabling Act that is an Act
provides otherwise; or(b)totheextenttheoperationofallorpartofthereviewable
decision is stayed by an order of the tribunalunder this
section that is still in effect.(3)Thetribunalmay,onapplicationofapartyoronitsowninitiative, make an order staying the
operation of all or part ofareviewabledecisionifaproceedingforthereviewofthedecision has started under this
Act.(4)The tribunal may make an order under
subsection (3) only if itconsiderstheorderisdesirableafterhavingregardtothefollowing—(a)theinterestsofanypersonwhoseinterestsmaybeaffectedbythemakingoftheorderortheordernotbeing made;(b)anysubmissionmadetothetribunalbythedecision-maker
for the reviewable decision;(c)the
public interest.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
27
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
23](5)Subsection (4)(a) does not require the
tribunal to give a personwhose interests may be affected by the
making of the order, orthe order not being made, an
opportunity to make submissionsforthetribunal’sconsiderationifitissatisfieditisnotpracticable because of the urgency of the
case or for anotherreason.(6)In
making an order under subsection (3), the tribunal—(a)may require an undertaking, including
an undertaking asto costs or damages, it considers
appropriate; or(b)mayimposeconditionsontheorderitconsidersappropriate;
or(c)mayprovidefortheliftingoftheorderifstatedcircumstances
occur.(7)The tribunal may assess damages for
subsection (6)(a).(8)The tribunal’s power to assess damages
under subsection (7)is exercisable only by a legally
qualified member.23Inviting decision-maker to reconsider
decision(1)At any stage of a proceeding for the
review of a reviewabledecision,thetribunalmayinvitethedecision-makerforthedecision to reconsider the
decision.(2)If the decision-maker for a reviewable
decision is invited toreconsiderthedecisionundersubsection (1),thedecision-maker—(a)has
28 days to reconsider the decision; and(b)may—(i)confirm the decision; or(ii)amend the decision; or(iii)setasidethedecisionandsubstituteanewdecision.(3)If,
under subsection (2), the decision-maker for a reviewabledecision confirms the decision, the
proceeding for the reviewof the decision must continue.Page
28Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
24](4)If, under subsection (2), the
decision-maker for a reviewabledecision(firstdecision)amendsthedecisionorsetsthedecision aside and substitutes another
decision for it—(a)the first decision as amended or the
decision substitutedforthefirstdecisionistakentobethereviewabledecision for
this Act and the enabling Act; and(b)thereviewmustcontinueforthereviewabledecisionunlesstheapplicantforthereviewwithdrawstheapplication for review; and(c)ifapersonotherthantheapplicantappliestothetribunal to
review the reviewable decision—the tribunalmay hear and
decide each application for the review ofthe reviewable
decision.24Functions for review
jurisdiction(1)Inaproceedingforareviewofareviewabledecision,thetribunal may—(a)confirm or amend the decision; or(b)set aside the decision and substitute
its own decision; or(c)setasidethedecisionandreturnthematterforreconsideration to the decision-maker for
the decision,with the directions the tribunal considers
appropriate.(2)Thetribunal’sdecisionundersubsection
(1)(a)or(b)forareviewable decision—(a)is taken to be a decision of the
decision-maker for thereviewabledecisionexceptforthetribunal’sreviewjurisdiction or an appeal under part 8;
and(b)subject to any contrary order of the
tribunal, has effectfrom when the reviewable decision
takes or took effect.(3)The tribunal may
make, to the chief executive of the entity inwhichthereviewabledecisionwasmade,writtenrecommendations about the policies,
practices and proceduresapplying to reviewable decisions of
the same kind.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
29
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
25](4)Ifthetribunalmakeswrittenrecommendationsundersubsection (3)andthechiefexecutiveisnotthedecision-maker for the reviewable decision,
the tribunal mustgive a copy of the recommendations to the
decision-maker.(5)In this section—chief
executiveincludes chief executive officer.Division 4Appeal
jurisdiction25GenerallyThe tribunal’s
appeal jurisdiction is—(a)the jurisdiction
conferred on the tribunal by section 26;and(b)the jurisdiction conferred on the
tribunal by an enablingAct to hear and decide an appeal
against a decision ofanother entity under that Act.26Jurisdiction for decisions of the
tribunalThetribunalhasjurisdictiontohearanddecideanappealagainstadecisionofthetribunalinthecircumstancesmentioned in
section 142.27When appeal jurisdiction
exercisedThe tribunal may exercise its appeal
jurisdiction if a personhas, under this Act or an enabling
Act, appealed to the tribunalagainst a
decision for which it has appeal jurisdiction.Note—Part
8, division 1 provides for how an appeal is made under this Act
andhow the tribunal’s appeal jurisdiction is
exercised.Page 30Current as at
[Not applicable]
Part
2Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
28]Practices and proceduresNotauthorised—indicativeonly28Conducting proceedings
generally(1)Theprocedureforaproceedingisatthediscretionofthetribunal, subject to this Act, an
enabling Act and the rules.(2)In
all proceedings, the tribunal must act fairly and accordingto
the substantial merits of the case.(3)In
conducting a proceeding, the tribunal—(a)must
observe the rules of natural justice; and(b)is
not bound by the rules of evidence, or any practices orproceduresapplyingtocourtsofrecord,otherthantotheextentthetribunaladoptstherules,practicesorprocedures; and(c)may
inform itself in any way it considers appropriate;and(d)mustactwithaslittleformalityandtechnicalityandwith
as much speed as the requirements of this Act, anenabling Act or the rules and a proper
consideration ofthe matters before the tribunal permit;
and(e)mustensure,sofarasispracticable,thatallrelevantmaterial is
disclosed to the tribunal to enable it to decidethe
proceeding with all the relevant facts.(4)Withoutlimitingsubsection (3)(b),thetribunalmayadmitintoevidencethecontentsofanydocumentdespitethenoncompliance with any time limit or
other requirement underthis Act, an enabling Act or the rules
relating to the documentor the service of it.29Ensuring proper understanding and
regard(1)The tribunal must take all reasonable
steps to—(a)ensure each party to a proceeding
understands—(i)the practices and procedures of the
tribunal; andCurrent as at [Not applicable]Page
31
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
30](ii)the nature of
assertions made in the proceeding andthe legal
implications of the assertions; and(iii)anydecisionofthetribunalrelatingtotheproceeding;
and(b)understand the actions, expressed
views and assertionsof a party to or witness in the
proceeding, having regardtotheparty’sorwitness’sage,anydisability,andcultural, religious and socioeconomic
background; and(c)ensureproceedingsareconductedinawaythatrecognises and is responsive to—(i)culturaldiversity,AboriginaltraditionandIslandcustom,
including the needs of a party to or witnessin the
proceeding who is from another culture orlinguistic
background or is an Aboriginal person orTorres Strait
Islander; and(ii)theneedsofapartyto,orwitnessin,theproceedingwhoisachildorapersonwithimpaired
capacity or a physical disability.(2)The
steps that can be taken for ensuring a person understandssomethingmentionedinsubsection (1)(a)include,forexample—(a)explaining the matters to the person;
or(b)havinganinterpreterorotherpersonabletocommunicateeffectivelywiththepersongivetheexplanation; or(c)supplyinganexplanatorynoteinEnglishoranotherlanguage.30Principal registrar to help parties
and potential partiesThe principal registrar must give
parties and potential partiesreasonable help
to ensure their understanding of the tribunal’spractices and
procedures, including, for example, reasonablehelp to complete
forms required under this Act or the rules.Page 32Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
31]31Related criminal or disciplinary
action(1)This section applies if matters
arising in a proceeding involvethe
contravention, or the alleged contravention, of an Act by aperson.(2)Unless an enabling Act that is an Act
provides otherwise, thetribunal may make its final decision
in the proceeding whetheror not the person—(a)has
been charged with, convicted of or sentenced for anoffence arising out of the contravention;
or(b)maybe,is,orhasbeen,subjecttodisciplinaryaction(including a proceeding before the tribunal)
relating tothe contravention under an Act.32Proceeding by remote conferencing or
on the papers(1)Thetribunalmay,ifappropriate,conductallorapartofaproceeding by remote
conferencing.(2)Thetribunalmay,ifappropriate,conductallorapartofaproceedingentirelyonthebasisofdocuments,withouttheparties,theirrepresentativesorwitnessesappearingatahearing.(3)If the tribunal conducts a proceeding
under subsection (1) or(2),thetribunalmustensurethepublichasaccessto,orisprecluded from
access to, matters disclosed in the proceedingto the same
extent as if the proceeding had been heard beforethetribunalwiththeattendanceinpersonofallpersonsinvolved.(4)ProvisionsofthisActapplyingtoahearingapplywithnecessary
changes in relation to a proceeding conducted undersubsection (1) or (2).Examples—1If a hearing is conducted under
subsection (1), section 90 continuesto apply to the
proceeding as if the participants in the hearing werepresent before the tribunal.2If a hearing is conducted under
subsection (2), section 92 will haveno
application.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
33
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
33](5)In this section—remote
conferencingmeans—(a)teleconferencing; or(b)videoconferencing; or(c)anotherformofcommunicationthatallowspersonstakingpartintheproceedingtohearandtakepartindiscussions as they happen.Part
3Starting proceeding33Making an application(1)This
section applies if this Act or an enabling Act providesthat
a person may apply to the tribunal to deal with a matter.(2)The application must—(a)be in a form substantially complying
with the rules; and(b)state the reasons for the application;
and(c)be filed in the registry.(3)If the application is for the review
of a reviewable decision,theapplicationmustbemade,byfilingitintheregistry,within 28 days after the relevant
day.Notes—1Under section 6(7), an enabling Act that is
an Act may provide fora different period within which a
person must make an application.2Under section 61, the tribunal may extend
the period within whicha person must make an
application.(4)In this section—relevant
day, for an application for the review of a
reviewabledecision, means—(a)the
day the applicant is notified of the decision; orPage
34Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
34](b)if the applicant has applied to the
decision-maker for awrittenstatementofreasonsforthedecisionundersection 158—the earlier of the following
days—(i)thedaythewrittenstatementisgiventotheapplicant;(ii)the
day by which the written statement is requiredto be given to
the applicant under that section; or(c)if
the applicant has applied to the tribunal for an orderunder section 159—(i)if
the tribunal makes the order—the earlier of thefollowing
days—(A)the day the written statement of
reasons thesubject of the order is given to the
applicant;(B)thedaybywhichthewrittenstatementofreasons the subject of the order is
required tobe given to the applicant under the order;
or(ii)ifthetribunaldoesnotmaketheorder—thedaythe
applicant is notified of the tribunal’s decision tonot
make the order.34Referring matter(1)ThissectionappliesifanenablingActprovidesforthereferral of a matter to the
tribunal.(2)The referral must be made—(a)within the period provided for under
the enabling Act;and(b)in a way
complying with the rules.35Acceptance or
rejection of application or referral(1)This
section applies if a person makes an application, or refersa
matter, to the tribunal.(2)The principal
registrar may—Current as at [Not applicable]Page
35
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
35](a)accept the application or referral
without imposing anyconditions; or(b)accept the application or referral on
conditions stated inthe rules; or(c)reject the application or referral on a
ground mentionedin subsection (3); or(d)refertheapplicationorreferraltothetribunaliftheprincipalregistrarbelievesthereisagroundforrejecting the application or referral
under subsection (3).(3)The principal
registrar may reject an application or referral onany
of the following grounds—(a)the application
or referral is made by a person who isnot authorised
to make it;(b)the application or referral is made
after the expiry of theperiod within which it is required to
be made under thisAct;(c)theapplicationorreferraldoesnototherwisecomplywith
this Act, an enabling Act or the rules.(4)If
the principal registrar rejects an application or referral,
oraccepts an application or referral on
conditions—(a)the principal registrar must notify
the applicant that theapplicant may request the principal
registrar to refer thedecision to the tribunal for review;
and(b)if the applicant makes the request,
the principal registrarmust refer the decision to the
tribunal for review.(5)Nofeeispayableforarequestforareferralundersubsection
(4).(6)Ifthequestionofwhetherornotanapplicationorreferralshouldberejectedisreferredtothetribunalundersubsection (2)(d)or(4)(b),thetribunalmustdirecttheprincipal registrar—(a)to
reject the application or referral; orPage 36Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
36](b)to accept the application or referral
on stated conditionsor no conditions.(7)Ifthequestionofwhetherornotanapplicationorreferralshouldbeacceptedonstatedconditionsisreferredtothetribunal under subsection (4)(b), the
tribunal must direct theprincipal registrar—(a)to accept the application or referral
on no conditions; or(b)toaccepttheapplicationorreferralonthestatedconditions or
different conditions; or(c)to reject the
application or referral.(8)Thetribunalmaydirecttheprincipalregistrartorejectanapplicationorreferralonlyifagroundforrejectingtheapplication or referral under subsection (3)
exists.Note—A decision of
the tribunal under subsection (6) or (7) is not subject toappeal under part 8. See sections 142(2) and
149(4).36When proceeding startsAproceedingstartswhentheprincipalregistraracceptsanapplication or referral, whether or not on
conditions.Note—However, under
section 38, the tribunal must not take any action on theapplication or referral until the prescribed
fee, if any, for the applicationor referral is
paid.37Notice(1)This
section applies if a proceeding is started under section 36for
an application or referral.(2)The
applicant for the application or referral must, within theperiodstatedintherules,giveacopyoftheapplicationorreferral to—(a)each
party to the proceeding; andCurrent as at
[Not applicable]Page 37
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
38](b)eachotherpersontowhomnoticeoftheproceedingmust be given
under an enabling Act or the rules; and(c)any
person the tribunal directs to be given notice of theproceeding.Note—See
the rules for provisions about how the copy must, or may, be
givenand provisions about responding to an
application.(3)Subsection (2) does not require the
applicant to give a copy ofthe application
or referral to another person if—(a)the
principal registrar has given or undertaken to givethe
copy to the person; or(b)undersubsection (4),thetribunalmakesanorderthatthe
copy is not required to be given to the person; or(c)the rules exempt the applicant from
the requirement togive the copy to the person.(4)The tribunal may make an order
exempting the applicant fromgiving a copy of
the application or referral to a person if thetribunal is
satisfied—(a)the applicant has made all reasonable
attempts to givethe copy to the person but has been
unsuccessful; or(b)themakinganddecidingof theapplicationorreferralwithout notice
to the person will not cause injustice.(5)The
tribunal may act under subsection (4) on the applicationof
the applicant or on the tribunal’s own initiative.(6)The tribunal’s power to act under
subsection (4) is exercisableonly by a
legally qualified member or an adjudicator.38Prescribed fees(1)Anapplicantforanapplicationorreferralmustpaytheprescribed fee,
if any, for the application or referral.(2)Thetribunalmustnottakeanyactiononanapplicationorreferral until the fee is paid.Page
38Current as at [Not applicable]
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
39](3)Subsection (2)doesnotpreventthetribunaldirectingtheprincipal registrar to accept or
reject an application or referralunder section
35.Notauthorised—indicativeonlyPart
4Parties to a proceeding39Parties to original jurisdictionA
person is a party to a proceeding in the tribunal’s originaljurisdiction if the person is—(a)the applicant; or(b)a
person in relation to whom a decision of the tribunal issought by the applicant; or(c)intervening in the proceeding under
section 41; or(d)joined as a party to the proceeding
under section 42; or(e)someoneelseanenablingActstatesisapartytotheproceeding.40Parties to review jurisdiction(1)A person is a party to a proceeding in
the tribunal’s reviewjurisdiction if the person is—(a)the applicant; or(b)thedecision-makerforthereviewabledecisionthesubject matter of the proceeding;
or(c)intervening in the proceeding under
section 41; or(d)joined as a party to the proceeding
under section 42; or(e)someoneelseanenablingActstatesisapartytotheproceeding.(2)In a
proceeding in the tribunal’s review jurisdiction, so far asispracticable,theofficialdescriptionofthedecision-makermustbeusedastheparty’snameinsteadofthedecision-maker’s name.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
39
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
41]41Intervention(1)TheAttorney-Generalmay,fortheState,interveneinaproceeding at any time.(2)Thetribunalmay,atanytime,giveleaveforapersontointerveneinaproceeding,subjecttotheconditionsthetribunal considers appropriate.42Joining and removing parties(1)The tribunal may make an order joining
a person as a party toa proceeding if the tribunal considers
that—(a)the person should be bound by or have
the benefit of adecision of the tribunal in the proceeding;
or(b)the person’s interests may be affected
by the proceeding;or(c)foranotherreason,itisdesirablethatthepersonbejoined as a party to the proceeding.(2)Thetribunalmayorderthatapartyberemovedfromaproceeding if the tribunal considers
that—(a)the party’s interests are not, or are
no longer, affected bythe proceeding; or(b)thepartyisnotaproperornecessarypartytotheproceeding,
whether or not the party was one originally.(3)The
tribunal may make an order under subsection (1) or (2)on
the application of a person or on its own initiative.43Representation(1)The
main purpose of this section is to have parties representthemselves unless the interests of justice
require otherwise.(2)In a proceeding, a party—(a)may appear without representation;
or(b)may be represented by someone else
if—Page 40Current as at
[Not applicable]
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
43]Notauthorised—indicativeonly(i)thepartyisachildorapersonwithimpairedcapacity; or(ii)the
proceeding relates to taking disciplinary action,orreviewingadecision abouttakingdisciplinaryaction, against
a person; or(iii)an enabling Act
that is an Act, or the rules, statesthe person may
be represented; or(iv)the party has
been given leave by the tribunal to berepresented.(3)In
deciding whether to give a party leave to be represented in
aproceeding,thetribunalmayconsiderthefollowingascircumstances supporting the giving of the
leave—(a)the party is a State agency;(b)the proceeding is likely to involve
complex questions offact or law;(c)anotherpartytotheproceedingisrepresentedintheproceeding;(d)allofthepartieshaveagreedtothepartybeingrepresented in the proceeding.(4)A party can not be represented in a
proceeding by a person—(a)who,underrulesmadeundersection 224(3),isdisqualified from being a representative of
a party to aproceeding; or(b)whoisnotanAustralianlegalpractitionerorgovernment legal officer, unless the
tribunal is satisfiedthepersonisanappropriatepersontorepresenttheparty.(5)ApersonwhoisnotanAustralianlegalpractitionerorgovernmentlegalofficerandwhoisseekingtorepresentaparty in a proceeding must give the tribunal
a certificate ofauthority from the party for the
representation if—(a)the party is a corporation; or(b)the tribunal has asked for the
certificate.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
41
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
44](6)Thetribunalmayappointapersontorepresentanunrepresented party.(7)In
this section—AustralianlegalpractitionerseetheLegalProfessionAct2007.government legal officersee theLegal Profession Act 2007.44Use of
interpreters and other persons(1)Unless the tribunal directs otherwise, a
party to a proceedingor a witness may be helped in a
proceeding by—(a)an interpreter; or(b)anotherpersonnecessaryordesirabletomaketheproceedingintelligibletothepartyorwitness,including,forexample,apersonwithappropriatecultural or
social knowledge and experience.(2)Without limiting subsection (1), the
tribunal may arrange foran interpreter or another person to
help a party or witness.(3)In this
section—interpreterincludesapersonwhointerpretssignsmadeorother things done by a person who can not
speak or can notspeak clearly enough to take part in a
proceeding.45General obligation of partiesEach
party to a proceeding mustact quickly in any dealingrelevant to the proceeding.Note—Forpossibleconsequencesforacontraventionofthissection,seesections 48(Dismissing,strikingoutordecidingifpartycausingdisadvantage) and 102 (Costs against party
in interests of justice).Page 42Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyPart
5Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
46]Preliminary dealings withproceedingDivision 1Early end to proceeding46Withdrawal of application or referral(1)An applicant may, in the way stated in
the rules, withdraw theapplicant’sapplicationorreferralforamatterbeforethematter is heard and decided by the
tribunal.(2)However, if the application or
referral is made under any ofthe following,
the applicant may withdraw the application orreferral only
with the leave of the tribunal—(a)theChild Protection Act 1999;(b)theDisability Services Act 2006,
section 178(9);(c)theGuardianship and
Administration Act 2000;(d)thePowers of Attorney Act 1998.(3)Ifanapplicantwithdrawsanapplicationorreferral,theapplicantcannotmakeafurtherapplicationorreferral,orrequest, require or otherwise seek a further
referral, relating tothe same facts or circumstances
without leave of the tribunal.47Dismissing, striking out or deciding if
unjustifiedproceeding or part(1)This
section applies if the tribunal considers a proceeding or apart
of a proceeding is—(a)frivolous, vexatious or misconceived;
or(b)lacking in substance; or(c)otherwise an abuse of process.(2)The tribunal may—Current as at
[Not applicable]Page 43
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
48](a)if the party who brought the
proceeding or part beforethe tribunal is the applicant for the
proceeding, order theproceeding or part be dismissed or
struck out; or(b)for a part of a proceeding brought
before the tribunal bya party other than the applicant for
the proceeding—(i)makeitsfinaldecisionintheproceedingintheapplicant’s favour; or(ii)order that the
party who brought the part before thetribunal be
removed from the proceeding; or(c)makeacostsorderagainstthepartywhobroughttheproceedingorpartbeforethetribunaltocompensateanother party
for any reasonable costs, expenses, loss,inconvenienceandembarrassmentresultingfromtheproceeding or part.Note—See
section 108 for the tribunal’s power to order that the costs
bepaid before it continues with the
proceeding.(3)The tribunal may act under subsection
(2) on the applicationof a party to the proceeding or on the
tribunal’s own initiative.(4)The tribunal’s
power to act under subsection (2) is exercisableonly
by—(a)the tribunal as constituted for the
proceeding; or(b)ifthetribunalhasnotbeenconstitutedfortheproceeding—alegallyqualifiedmemberoranadjudicator.48Dismissing, striking out or deciding if
party causingdisadvantage(1)Thissectionappliesifthetribunalconsidersapartytoaproceeding is acting in a way that
unnecessarily disadvantagesanother party to
the proceeding, including by—(a)not
complying with a tribunal order or direction withoutreasonable excuse; orPage 44Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
48](b)notcomplyingwiththisAct,anenablingActortherules; or(c)askingforanadjournmentasaresultofconductmentioned in
paragraph (a) or (b); or(d)causing an
adjournment; or(e)attempting to deceive another party or
the tribunal; or(f)vexatiously conducting the proceeding;
or(g)failing to attend conciliation,
mediation or the hearingof the proceeding without reasonable
excuse.(2)The tribunal may—(a)if
the party causing the disadvantage is the applicant fortheproceeding,ordertheproceedingbedismissedorstruck out; or(b)if
the party causing the disadvantage is not the applicantfor
the proceeding—(i)makeitsfinaldecisionintheproceedingintheapplicant’s favour; or(ii)orderthatthepartycausingthedisadvantageberemoved from the proceeding; or(c)makeanorderundersection 102,againstthepartycausing the
disadvantage, to compensate another partyfor any
reasonable costs incurred unnecessarily.Note—See
section 108 for the tribunal’s power to order that the costs
bepaid before it continues with the
proceeding.(3)In acting under subsection (2), the
tribunal must have regardto the following—(a)the
extent to which the party causing the disadvantage isfamiliar with the tribunal’s practices and
procedures;(b)thecapacityofthepartycausingthedisadvantagetounderstand,andacton,thetribunal’sordersanddirections;Current as at
[Not applicable]Page 45
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
49](c)whetherthepartycausingthedisadvantageisactingdeliberately.(4)The
tribunal may act under subsection (2) on the applicationof a
party to the proceeding or on the tribunal’s own initiative.(5)The tribunal’s power to act under
subsection (2) is exercisableonly by—(a)the tribunal as constituted for the
proceeding; or(b)ifthetribunalhasnotbeenconstitutedfortheproceeding—alegallyqualifiedmemberoranadjudicator.49Reinstatement of proceeding and restriction
on newapplication or referral(1)This
section applies if the tribunal has ordered—(a)a
proceeding or a part of a proceeding be dismissed orstruck out under section 47; or(b)aproceedingbedismissedorstruckoutundersection
48.(2)Another proceeding or a part of a
proceeding of the same kindrelatingtothesamemattercannotbestartedbeforethetribunal without the leave of the president
or deputy president.(3)The president or
deputy president may give the leave if thepresident or
deputy president considers the interests of justicerequires it to be given.(4)Ingivingleavetostartanotherproceedingorpartofaproceeding, the president or deputy
president may extend anytime limit for starting the proceeding
or part.(5)If the tribunal considers a proceeding
has been dismissed orstruck out in error, the tribunal may
order that the proceedingbe reinstated.(6)The
tribunal may act under subsection (5) on the applicationof a
party to the proceeding or on the tribunal’s own initiative.Page
46Current as at [Not applicable]
Division 2Queensland Civil
and Administrative Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2
Jurisdiction and procedure[s 50]Decision by
defaultNotauthorised—indicativeonly50Decision by default for debt or
liquidated demand ofmoney(1)This
section applies if—(a)a person has applied to the tribunal
to recover a debt orliquidateddemandofmoneyfromaperson(therespondent); and(b)an enabling Act that is an Act or the
rules state that therespondentmustrespondtotheapplicationwithinastated period; and(c)therespondenthasnotrespondedtotheapplicationwithin the
stated period.(2)The applicant may, in the way stated
in the rules, apply to thetribunal for a decision by default for
an amount limited to—(a)theamountclaimedintheapplicationstartingtheproceeding; and(b)interest on the amount claimed at the rate
the tribunalconsiders appropriate; and(c)either—(i)for
an application for a minor civil dispute—costsstated in the
rules as costs that may be awarded forminor civil
disputes under section 102; or(ii)foranapplicationotherthanforaminorcivildispute—(A)the
fee paid for the application; and(B)legalcostsbasedonascalestatedintherules.(3)Iftheapplicantappliesforadecisionbydefaultunderthissection the
principal registrar may make the decision.(4)A
decision by default given under subsection (3) is taken to
bea final decision of the tribunal in the
proceeding.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
47
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
50A](5)Theapplicantmustprovetherespondenthasbeengivenacopy of the application before a
decision by default may bemade under this section.Notauthorised—indicativeonly50ADecision by
default for unliquidated damages(1)This
section applies if—(a)a person has applied to the tribunal
to recover an amountconsisting of, or including,
unliquidated damages from aperson
(therespondent); and(b)an enabling Act that is an Act, or the
rules, states thatthe respondent must respond to the
application within astated period; and(c)therespondenthasnotrespondedtotheapplicationwithin the
stated period.(2)The applicant may, in the way stated
in the rules, apply to thetribunalforadecisionbydefaultconditionalontheassessment by the tribunal of the
unliquidated damages.(3)The application
may also include a claim for—(a)anyliquidatedamountclaimedintheapplicationstarting the
proceeding; and(b)interest on the liquidated amount
claimed at the rate thetribunal considers appropriate;
and(c)the fee paid for the application;
and(d)legal costs based on a scale stated in
the rules.(4)The principal registrar may decide the
application.(5)If a decision by default is given
under subsection (4)—(a)the decision is
taken to be a final decision of the tribunalin the
proceeding; and(b)the tribunal must assess the
unliquidated damages.(6)Theapplicantmustprovetherespondenthasbeengivenacopy of the application before a
decision by default may bemade under this section.Page
48Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
51]51Setting aside decision by
defaultThe tribunal, on application by the
respondent, may set asideoramendadecisionbydefaultonterms,includingtermsabout costs and
the giving of security, the tribunal considersappropriate.51AEffect of application under s 51 on decision
by default(1)Anapplicationundersection51tosetasideoramendadecisionbydefaultdoesnotaffecttheoperationofthedecisionorpreventthetakingofactiontoimplementthedecision.(2)However,thetribunalmaymakeanorderstayingtheoperation of the decision by default
until the application to setaside or amend
the decision is finally decided.(3)The
tribunal may act under subsection (2) on the applicationof a
party to the decision by default or on its own initiative.Division 3Transfer52Transfer to more appropriate
forum(1)If the tribunal considers the subject
matter of a proceeding ora part of a proceeding would be more
appropriately dealt withby another tribunal, a court or
another entity, the tribunal may,by order,
transfer the matter to which the proceeding or partrelates to the other tribunal, the court or
the other entity.(2)If the tribunal considers it does not
have jurisdiction to hear allmatters in a
proceeding, the tribunal may, by order, transferthe
matter or matters for which it does not have jurisdictionto—(a)a court of
competent jurisdiction; or(b)another tribunal
or entity having jurisdiction to deal withthe matter or
matters.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
49
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
53](3)The tribunal may make an order under
subsection (2)(a) eventhough the proceeding has previously
been transferred from acourt to the tribunal under section
53.(4)If the tribunal transfers a matter to
another tribunal, a court oranother entity
(therelevant entity) under this
section—(a)a proceeding for the matter is taken
to have been startedbefore the relevant entity when it was
started before thetribunal; and(b)the
tribunal may make the orders or give the directions itconsiders appropriate to facilitate the
transfer, includingan order that a party is taken to have
complied with therequirementsunderanActorotherlawforstartingaproceeding before the relevant
entity.(5)An order under subsection (4)(b) has
effect despite any otherAct or law.(6)The
tribunal may act under this section on the application of aparty to the proceeding or on its own
initiative.(7)The tribunal’s power to act under this
section is exercisableonly by a legally qualified
member.(8)In this section—proceedingincludesaprocessfortheconsiderationofamatter.53Transfer from a court(1)If a
proceeding is started in a court and the subject matter ofthe
proceeding could be heard by the tribunal under this Act,thecourtmay,byorder,transfertheproceedingtothetribunal.(2)Ifacourttransfersaproceedingtothetribunalundersubsection (1)—(a)the
proceeding is taken to have been started before thetribunal when it was started in the court;
andPage 50Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
54](b)the court may make the orders and give
the directions itconsiders appropriate to facilitate the
transfer, includingan order that a party is taken to have
complied with therequirements under this Act, an enabling Act
or the rulesfor starting a proceeding before the
tribunal.(3)Anorderundersubsection
(2)(b)haseffectdespiteanyprovision of this Act, an enabling Act
or the rules.(4)Acourtmayactunderthissectionontheapplicationofaparty to the proceeding or on its own
initiative.Division 4Consolidation or
sequencedirections54Consolidation(1)Thetribunalmaydirectthat2ormoreproceedingsconcerningthesameorrelatedfactsandcircumstancesbeconsolidated into 1 proceeding.(2)The tribunal’s power to give a
direction under subsection (1)isexercisableonlybyalegallyqualifiedmemberoranadjudicator.(3)If2ormoreproceedings(eachapre-consolidationproceeding) are
consolidated under subsection (1),evidencegiven in a pre-consolidation proceeding may
also be given intheconsolidatedproceedinginrelationtoeachoftheotherpre-consolidation proceedings.55Sequence(1)Thetribunalmaydirectthat2ormoreproceedingsconcerning the
same or related facts and circumstances—(a)remain as separate proceedings but be heard
and decidedtogether; or(b)be
heard in a particular sequence.Current as at
[Not applicable]Page 51
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
56](2)The tribunal’s power to give a
direction under subsection (1)isexercisableonlybyalegallyqualifiedmemberoranadjudicator.Notauthorised—indicativeonly56Variation of
direction(1)Before or during the hearing of a
consolidated proceeding orof proceedings directed to be heard
together or in a particularsequence,thetribunalmaydirectthattheproceedingsbeseparated or heard in another
sequence.(2)The tribunal’s power to act under
subsection (1) is exercisableonly by—(a)thetribunalasconstitutedfortheproceedingorproceedings; or(b)ifthetribunalhasnotbeenconstitutedfortheproceeding or proceedings—a legally
qualified memberor an adjudicator.Part 6Other provisions about aproceedingDivision 1Procedural powers57General powers(1)The
tribunal may—(a)take evidence on oath; or(b)actintheabsenceofapartywhohashadreasonablenotice of a
proceeding; or(c)adjourn a proceeding.(2)The tribunal—(a)mayrequireapersonappearingbeforethetribunaltogive
evidence on oath; andPage 52Current as at
[Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
58](b)may administer an oath to the
person.(3)Thetribunalmaypermitapersonappearingasawitnessbeforethetribunaltogiveevidencebytenderingawrittenstatement,
verified, if the tribunal directs, by oath.58Interim orders(1)Before making a final decision in a
proceeding, the tribunalmaymakeaninterimorderitconsidersappropriateintheinterests of justice, including, for
example—(a)toprotectaparty’spositionforthedurationoftheproceeding;
or(b)to require or permit something to be
done to secure theeffectiveness of the exercise of the
tribunal’s jurisdictionfor the proceeding.Note—See also section
22(3) for the tribunal’s power to stay the operation of areviewable decision while it is being
reviewed by the tribunal.(2)The tribunal may
make an interim order on the application ofa party to the
proceeding or on its own initiative.(3)In
making an interim order, the tribunal—(a)may
require an undertaking, including an undertaking asto
costs or damages, it considers appropriate; or(b)mayprovidefortheliftingoftheorderifstatedconditions are
met.(4)The tribunal may assess damages for
subsection (3)(a).(5)The tribunal’s power to assess damages
under subsection (4)is exercisable only by a legally
qualified member.(6)In this section—interim
ordermeans an order that has effect for the
durationof a proceeding or a shorter period.Current as at [Not applicable]Page
53
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative
Tribunal Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
59]59Injunctions(1)The
tribunal may, by order, grant an injunction, including aninterim injunction, in a proceeding if it is
just and convenientto do so.(2)Thetribunalmaymakeanordergrantinganinteriminjunctionwhetherornotithasgivenanypersonwhoseinterestsmaybeaffectedby theorderanopportunitytobeheard.(3)The
tribunal may act under subsection (1) on the applicationof a
party to the proceeding or on its own initiative.(4)The tribunal’s power to act under
subsection (1) is exercisableonly by a
legally qualified member.(5)Thetribunal’spowerundersubsection
(1)isinadditionto,anddoesnotlimit,anypowerofthetribunalunderanenabling Act to make an order in the
nature of an injunction.(6)In making an
order under subsection (1), the tribunal—(a)may
require an undertaking, including an undertaking asto
costs or damages, it considers appropriate; or(b)mayprovidefortheliftingoftheorderifstatedconditions are
met.(7)The tribunal may assess damages for
subsection (6)(a).(8)The tribunal’s power to assess damages
under subsection (7)is exercisable only by a legally
qualified member.(9)In this section—interim
injunctionmeans an injunction that has effect for
theduration of a proceeding or a shorter
period.60Declarations(1)Thetribunalmaymakeadeclarationaboutamatterinaproceeding—(a)insteadofmakinganorderitcouldmakeaboutthematter; orPage 54Current as at [Not applicable]
Notauthorised—indicativeonlyQueensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
Act 2009Chapter 2 Jurisdiction and procedure[s
61](b)in addition to an order it could make
about the matter.(2)Thetribunalmaymakeanorderitconsidersnecessaryordesirable to give effect to a
declaration under subsection (1).(3)A
declaration under subsection (1) is binding on the parties
tothe proceeding mentioned in the
declaration.(4)Thetribunal’spowerundersubsection
(1)isinadditionto,anddoesnotlimit,anypowerofthetribunalunderanenabling Act to make a
declaration.(5)Thetribunal’spowertoactundersubsection (1)or(2)isexercisable only
by a legally qualified member.61Relief from procedural requirements
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